Hybrid Scooters on the Way

Piaggio SpA recently announced plans to launch a gas-electric hybrid scooter model in congested cities. "The hybrid can represent a very important reply to the problems of traffic, safety and pollution," said Piaggio SpA Chairman Roberto Colaninno. "The hybrid generates synergies from the two motors, using electronic systems." Equipped with a 125cc gas engine, the planned model is based on the Piaggio three-wheeled MP3 scooter and is expected to receive 169 mpg. A lithium battery is used to power the electric motor, and it can be recharged either at the owner's home or through the gas engine when it is running. According to officials, lithium batteries are lighter than conventional lead batteries and can be recharged several thousand times.

A Personal Touch to a Premium Product

New Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil offers the ultimate in wear protection and fuel efficiency. From the time he introduced the first can of AMZOIL 10W-40 Synthetic Motor Oil in 1972, AMSOIL President and CEO Al Amatuzio has taken great pride in the superior protection and performance provided by AMSOIL products. Now, in celebration of the 35th anniversary of the AMSOIL MLM business plan, 35 years of Dealer opportunity and 35 years of technical leadership, AMSOIL is updating its premiere motor oil with a new, personal image. New Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil (SSO) replaces Series 2000 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil (TSO) and offers even greater performance. Supplemented with a proprietary ashless anti-wear system for improved heat and viscosity control and boasting a 10 percent increase in TBN (see graph), new Signature Series 0W-30 sets the standard for protection and performance. Personally endorsed by AMSOIL founder and President Al Amatuzio, each bottle bears his signature and describes how he developed the first API qualified synthetic motor oil and launched the synthetic motor oil industry. Product Description AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil is the industry benchmark in lubrication technology. Engineered with the world's finest synthetic base oils and high performance additives, AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 is designed for those who demand the absolute best in motor oil performance. The exclusive extended drain formulation delivers superior engine protection and maximum fuel economy. AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 is a premium grade synthetic motor oil that exceeds the requirements of modern, high-performance engines and older engines. It replaces other 0W-30, 5W-30 and 10W-30 motor oils and consistently outperforms competitive conventional and synthetic motor oils. Extends Drain Intervals AMSOIL Signature 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil lasts much longer in service than conventional oils. Its unique synthetic formulation and long drain additive system resist oxidation and neutralize the acids that shorten the service life of other oils. AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 delivers the best possible engine protection, cleanliness and performance over extended drain intervals, reducing vehicle maintenance and waste oil disposal costs. Maximizes Fuel Efficiency The lightweight molecular structure of AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil reduces energy loss from the "drag" common to high viscosity oils. It is fortified with additives that enhance its friction-reducing properties to help further improve fuel efficiency. Reduces Wear AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil contains specialized anti-wear technology. Its durable, high temperature film strength effectively separates metal surfaces to reduce wear even under the most grueling conditions. Tests prove that AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 provides better protection against wear than other motor oils (see graph). AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 helps engines last longer. Resists Heat, Reduces Oil Consumption and Emissions AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil is thermally stable with a strong resistance to high temperature volatility (burn-off). It is heavily fortified with detergent and dispersant additives designed to prevent sludge deposits and keep engines clean. Low volatility and clean operation reduce oil consumption and emissions. Provides Outstanding Cold Flow Properties Unlike conventional oils, AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 contains no wax. Its exceptional -60°F cold flow properties ease starting and reduce bearing wear. Applications AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil is recommended for use in gasoline engines, diesel engines (API CF, ACEA B5) and other applications requiring SAE 0W- 30, 5W-30 or 10W-30 with the following worldwide specifications: API SM/CF, SL, SJ … ILSAC GF-4, 3 … ACEA A5/B5-04 GM 4718M, 6094M Ford WSS-M2C929-A Daimler Chrysler MS-6395N VW 503.00 Service Life AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil is recommended for extended drain intervals in unmodified, mechanically sound, gasoline-fueled vehicles as follows: • Normal Service -- Up to 35,000 miles or one year, whichever comes first. • Severe Service -- Up to 17,500 miles or one year, whichever comes first. • Replace AMSOIL Ea Oil Filter at the time of oil change up to 25,000 miles or one year, whichever comes first (other brands at standard OEM intervals). • In all non-gasoline fueled vehicle applications, extend the oil change interval according to oil analysis or follow the OEM drain interval. AMSOIL Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil will be available October 1. It replaces Series 2000 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil, which will remain available while supplies last. Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil Data Bulletin The new Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil Data Bulletin, highlighting the features and benefits of Signature Series 0W-30 Synthetic Motor Oil, is available for purchase.

Customers Choosing Fuel Efficiency

Customers are trading their SUVs for more fuel efficient crossover vehicles. According to the Power Information Network (PIN) division of J.D. Power and Associates, demand for sport utility vehicles (SUVs) has decreased dramatically in recent years, with many customers switching to more fuel efficient crossover utility vehicles (CUVs). Share of the total new vehicle market for the midsize non-premium utility segment, once among the most dominant segments in the industry, has dropped 43 percent since May 1997, while sales volume for the midsize SUV segment has dropped 18 percent since early 2006. The percentage of midsize utility owners trading their vehicles for another of the same type is also on the decline, from 29 percent in May 2004 to 17 percent in May 2007. Owners of these vehicles are increasingly switching to more fuel efficient vehicles. In fact, the percentage of owners trading for a midsize crossover vehicle more than doubled between May 2004 and May 2007, while the percentage trading for a compact crossover increased from 6 percent to 11 percent and the percentage trading for a compact conventional car climbed from 8 percent to 13 percent in the same time period. "We can see the decline in this segment by looking at specific models like the Ford Explorer, which was the third-most-popular model in 1995, 1996 and 1998 in the United States," said Tom Libby, PIN senior director of industry analysis. "But now, the Explorer ranks 46th through the first five months of this year and there are no midsize utility models among the top 20 most popular vehicles in the country." Vehicle manufacturers have taken notice of the decreased demand for midsize utility vehicles. While the number of models in the segment peaked at 22 in 2003, 2004 and 2005, only 16 models are present in the segment this year. "Clearly, consumers are responding to changing economic forces – from rising energy costs to growing concerns about the environment," said Jeff Schuster, J.D. Power and Associates executive director of automotive intelligence. "Manufacturers are responding by dramatically increasing the number of new products in the CUV segment to provide substitutes for midsize SUV models. This shift is far from over and will fundamentally change the mix of vehicles on the road in the years ahead."

Ford Oil Leak

According to Ford Motor Company, some 2002 4.6L two-valve Mustangs may leak oil from the top of the engine. Ford advises inspection of the PCV valve. The leak can usually be attributed to off-kilter stack-up tolerances between the valve and hose, and the problem can be resolved by installing an ordinary worm-type clamp onto the hose.

Extend Gearbox and Lubricant Life

When the oil within a gearbox is changed, five percent or more of the old oil is often left inside. When the oil is not drained immediately after shutdown, sludge and contaminants have a chance to accumulate and remain with the residual oil in the bottom of the sump, becoming resuspended when the gearbox is refilled with lubricant and put back into service. In order to keep contaminants out of fresh oil, Noria Corporation suggests the following steps:

1) Drain the oil within 15 minutes of shutting down and pre-filter the fresh oil.

2) Filter the oil periodically with a portable filtration cart while the machine is running. Have the oil analyzed periodically to determine if it requires changing.

3) Employ full-time filtration.

Gearbox oil drain intervals can usually be extended dramatically after incorporating filtration and oil analysis, not only reducing both lubricant and labor expenses, but extending the life of the gearbox.

Semi-Fluid 00 Synthetic EP Grease

AMSOIL Semi-Fluid 00 Synthetic EP Grease (GSF) is ideal for leaky or difficult-to-service gearboxes in industrial and fleet applications, providing superior protection and performance in shockloading applications that rupture the oil film of conventional greases.

Toyota Sells One Millionth Hybrid

Toyota recently announced the sale of its one millionth hybrid vehicle. Of the one million vehicles sold worldwide, more than half have been sold in the United States. "The cost benefit of hybrids is becoming more apparent with climbing gas prices," says Toyota Motor Sales executive vice president Jim Lentz. "We anticipate combined sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrids of a quarter million units in the U.S. during calendar year 2007." Masatami Takimoto, Toyota Powertrain Development executive vice president, expects hybrids to become the standard drivetrain and account for 100 percent of Toyota vehicles by 2020. According to a recent National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) study, hybrid vehicles have saved close to 215 million gallons of fuel in the U.S. since 1999. In addition to the fuel economy benefits, hybrid owners cite significantly reduced tailpipe emissions and reduced dependence on foreign oil as reasons for buying their hybrids.

Hot Running Twin Cam 96 Engines

Harley-Davidson has recently acknowledged that its Twin Cam 96 engine tends to operate at higher temperatures. In particular, owners of 2007 Ultra Classic Electra Glide motorcycles have noticed an excessive level of heat radiating from the engine. This model has fairing lowers that obstruct some of the cooling air that would usually cool the rider's legs at slower speeds. In addition, the Twin Cam 96 engine operates at higher temperatures than the Twin Cam 88 engine because it has almost 10 percent more displacement and because it is calibrated to run a leaner fuel mixture to meet exhaust emissions standards, often elevating engine heat at slow riding speeds when little air is flowing around the bike.

AMSOIL Sponsors American Hot Rod Tulsarama Program

Legendary hot rod builder Boyd Coddington will use AMSOIL lubricants and filters exclusively in his mission to revive a buried 1957 Plymouth Belvedere.

On June 15, 1957, the city of Tulsa, Okla. buried a new gold and white 1957 Plymouth Belvedere Sport Coupe in a time capsule in downtown Tulsa as part of Golden Jubilee Week, a celebration of Oklahoma's 50th year of statehood. Before the car was buried, citizens were asked to guess the population of Tulsa in the year 2007 with the promise that whoever turned out to be closest would be awarded the car at Oklahoma's Centennial celebration in 2007. The entries were sealed and buried with the car inside the vault.

Boyd Coddington

On June 15, 2007, the car will be unearthed and transferred to the Tulsa Convention Center as part of Oklahoma's Centennial celebration. On hand will be legendary hot rod builder Boyd Coddington, host of the hit TLC TV series American Hot Rod. Coddington and his crew will be responsible for getting the Belvedere running after spending 50 years buried in the underground vault. The process will be filmed for an episode of American Hot Rod, which will air numerous times on TLC.

AMSOIL is an official sponsor of this historic event. AMSOIL lubricants and filters will be used by Coddington and his crew as they work to get the Belvedere running, with AMSOIL product placement and banners visible throughout the program. Watch the Action News, Direct Line and www.amsoil.com for air dates of this exciting and historic program.

The hit TLC TV series American Hot Rod draws over one million viewers each week, where they watch Coddington and his crew design and build cuttingedge hot rods. Host Boyd Coddington has won the prestigious "America's Most Beautiful Roadster" Award a record seven times and the Daimler-Chrysler Design Excellence Award twice. He's enshrined in the SEMA Hall of Fame, the Grand National Roadster Show Hall of Fame, the National Rod & Custom Museum Hall of Fame, the Route 66 Wall of Fame, the Street Rod Marketing Alliance Hall of Fame, and he was voted "Man of the Year" in 1988 by Hot Rod Magazine.

Buell to Introduce Off-Road Motorcycles

Within the next two years, Buell Motorcycle Co. plans to introduce offroad motorcycles designed for closedcourse competition. “Harley-Davidson and Buell are highly committed to broadening the range of products we offer and reaching out to new groups of customers,” said Buell President and Chief Operating Officer Jon Flickinger. “We’re always looking at new market opportunities, but this one is particularly exciting.”

Scooter Popularity on the Rise

A wide variety of consumers are drawn to the performance, efficiency and affordability of modern scooters.

Offering a combination of performance, efficiency and affordability, motorized scooters have quickly become one of the fastest growing segments in the transportation industry. Suzuki saw scooter sales increase 30 percent in 2006, despite spending the bulk of its national advertising budget on sports bikes, ATVs and other products.

Today’s scooter market offers enough variety to catch the attention of a wide range of customers. In fact, two of the largest groups of scooter owners are commuters and leisure riders.

While the stereotypical image of a scooter rider features a young college student cruising to class, today’s scooter market offers enough variety to catch the attention of a wide range of customers. In fact, two of the largest groups of scooter owners are commuters and leisure riders.

“An emerging group is those who use scooters as a way of commuting,” says Paolo Timoni, president and CEO of Piaggio Group Americas. “That group is about 50 percent of the market in our case and growing.”

The Suzuki Burgman line, featuring scooter models ranging from 400 to 650cc, offers a high performance option in the scooter market. According to Glenn Hansen, communications manager at American Suzuki Motor Corp., Suzuki’s typical scooter customers are older, experienced motorcycle riders who still enjoy riding, but have tired of moving their big, heavy motorcycles around.

Schwinn Motor Sports groups its scooter customers into three categories: college students, urban professionals and retirees. “The marketing focus comes down to scooter demographics, which are all over the place,” says Mo Moorman, Schwinn director of corporate communications and new business marketing.

Because many potential scooter buyers have questions about licensing, maintenance, parking and other scooter-related issues, Piaggio encourages its dealers to host education sessions with small groups of potential buyers. According to Piaggio research, these sessions double the chances a potential customer will purchase a scooter.

"People tend to associate scooters with motorcycles, and most people are a little afraid," says Timoni. "Education classes and demo rides are very effective initiatives."

Formula 4-Stroke® Synthetic Scooter Oil

AMSOIL Formula 4-Stroke Synthetic Scooter Oil (ASO) is formulated specifically to meet the special needs of today’s hightech air- and water-cooled four-stroke motorized scooters, offering unsurpassed wear protection and friction reduction for longer equipment life and cooler operating temperatures. Its 10W-40 viscosity ensures consistent viscosity protection and provides additional protection for transmissions and gear boxes, while its friction modifier-free formulation ensures wet clutch compatibility and smooth clutch operation. A special anti-corrosion additive package provides long-term protection during periods of inactivity and storage.

Ford Increases Recommended Oil Change Intervals

Ford Motor Company recently extended its recommended motor oil change interval from 5,000 to 7,500 miles under normal service conditions. The change applies to select 2007 models and all 2008 models. According to Ford fuels and lubricants engineering supervisor Pete Misangyi, Ford based its decision on the improved quality of engine oils and engines. “Severe duty was also upped to 5,000,” said Misangyi. “So that one went up from 3,000 as part of the same change.” Last year, Ford increased its recommended oil change interval for diesel engines operating under normal service from 7,500 to 10,000 miles.

Formula 4-Stroke® 10W-40 Synthetic Scooter Oil and 10W-40 Synthetic Motorcycle Oil

With the introduction of new AMSOIL Formula 4-Stroke® Synthetic Scooter Oil (ASO), many have asked if this product is the same as AMSOIL 10W-40 Synthetic Motorcycle Oil (MCF). The answer is no, the two products are not the same. That answer, however, leads to other questions. For example, what is different between the two? Can they be interchanged? Why are two different oils needed anyway?

Though there are a great deal of similarities between scooter and motorcycle applications, there are also many differences. Some of those differences lie in the area of performance, while others are more market driven, such as cost and general consumer perception. In order to provide AMSOIL customers with the best possible product for any given application, all such factors must be considered. In this case, the end result is a separate product for scooter applications with another directed toward their motorcycle brethren.

From the standpoint of performance, the demands and requirements scooters place on engine oil are similar to those found in motorcycle applications, but differences do exist between the two in the level or degree of stress each application places on the oil. For example, the operating speeds of scooters tend to max out around 5-7,000 rpms. Café style motorcycles, on the other hand, can easily redline in the 12-14,000 rpm range. Also, though the state-of-tune of scooters is significantly higher than in the past, it pales in comparison to the horsepower per cc of displacement realized by today’s high powered motorcycles. Needless to say, in order to meet these differences most effectively, some differences in product formulation are required. That is not to say something has been left out of AMSOIL ASO. The formulation of this product, however, has been optimized to more closely match not only the performance levels demanded by scooters, but all other factors important to the application and market as well.

Another difference is in the area of longevity. Both ASO and MCF last longer in service than their competitive counterparts, but to what extent do the two vary? As mentioned, both products are built on a robust platform, a platform capable of providing exceptional durability by itself. MCF Motorcycle Oil is then fortified, however, to offer even greater life expectancy. That is the reason for the difference in the service intervals recommended for the two products. ASO is recommended to be changed at OEM maintenance intervals, and MCF is recommended for change intervals up to twice OEM maintenance intervals.

With these differences in performance requirements comes differences in manufacturing costs. This is important. While everyone wants maximum performance from the oil they use, scooter owners tend to be more concerned about price than their motorcycle counterparts. These differences in manufacturing costs allow AMSOIL to offer ASO at a lower price, making it extremely competitive in a cost conscious market.

Can the two products be interchanged? Yes, to some degree they can. MCF is more than suitable for use in scooter applications, but for the most part it may be considered overkill. It is unlikely that a scooter application will ever present the level of severity for which MCF was designed to handle. Hence, the issue of cost efficiency enters in. Keep in mind, however, that there is a contingent of owners with tricked out scooters looking for maximum performance regardless of cost. For that group, MCF is well worth consideration. On the other hand, ASO will perform satisfactorily in motorcycle applications. In fact, the level of performance and protection offered by ASO exceeds that found in conventional motorcycle oils. ASO, however, was not designed to offer the higher degree of safety margin AMSOIL believes is required by many high performance motorcycle applications. Also, from the standpoint of consumer perception, it is unlikely that an owner of a $20,000 crotch rocket would be inclined to use an oil that is directed toward scooter applications.

ASO may be the little brother of MCF, but don’t sell it short. This little brother is a real scrapper and more than capable of meeting even the most severe needs found in scooter applications. It is the perfect combination of performance and cost effectiveness.

5W-20 Increases Fuel Economy

Ford Motor Company reports that the company’s switch from recommending 5W-30 viscosity motor oil to 5W- 20 viscosity motor oil has saved 700 million gallons of gasoline since 2001. By reducing load and internal friction, lighter viscosity 5W-20 motor oils reportedly increase fuel economy by a half mile per gallon. In addition, Ford reports its use of 5W-20 oils has reduced carbon dioxide emissions by about one million metric tons a year. AMSOIL Synthetic 0W-20 Synthetic Motor Oil (ASM) and XL 5W-20 Synthetic Motor Oil (XLM) deliver outstanding fuel efficiency and superior wear protection over competing synthetic and conventional motor oils.

Get Ready for Motorcycle Season

The following tips ensure bikes are in top condition for the upcoming motorcycle season. AMSOIL Dealers can offer these tips as an additional service to customers.

Taking the motorcycle out of winter storage is an exciting time for every motorcycle enthusiast. Cruising Rider presents a few quick pre-ride checks to ensure bikes are ready for the first ride of the spring season.

Moisture that collected in the engine over the winter will evaporate when the engine is brought to normal operating temperature.

First, remove the cover from the motorcycle and take it off the blocks. If it wasn’t done in the fall, give the bike a thorough washing and waxing. Apply treatments, including vinyl and plastic treatment to the seat and windshield and leather treatment to the saddlebags. Check nuts and bolts for tightness, and lubricate the shift linkage, drum brake linkage and cables.

Inflate tires to riding pressure and place the bike on its centerstand (if applicable). Slowly spin each wheel and carefully inspect the tires for cuts, imbedded pebbles, glass and nail heads. Inspect the wear bars on the tires. If the tread is worn at or near the level of the wear bars, replace the tires.

Remove the battery from the smart charger, check the electrolyte level and replenish if necessary. Adding electrolyte dilutes the charge, so place the battery back on the charger.

Check the oil level through the sight glass or dipstick. If the oil was changed in the fall, another change is not necessary. Moisture that collected in the engine over the winter will evaporate when the engine is brought to normal operating temperature. If an oil change is necessary, run the bike to operating temperature and change the oil and filter. If applicable, remember to check and change the transmission oil, fork oil, coolant and brake fluid. Because brake fluid absorbs moisture, neglecting to flush and change it can trap moisture in the fluid and lead to spongy braking.

If the motorcycle has a chain or belt final drive, check it for play and adjust as necessary by loosening the rear axle bolt and sliding the rear wheel backward to pick up the slack in the drive system. Tighten everything, and remember to lube the chain.

Remove the spark plugs and check the gaps and color. The plugs should be a uniform gray color near the tips. Gap the plugs if necessary.

Finally, turn on the ignition and be sure all lights, turn signals and brake lights are in working order.

AMSOIL offers premium synthetic motorcycle oils and filters that provide second-to-none protection and performance for motorcycle applications.

Synthetic Motorcycle Oils

AMSOIL Synthetic Motorcycle Oils are formulated with premium synthetic base stocks and high performance additive technology that provide superior multifunctional benefits for the special requirements of motorcycle applications. These independent and exclusive AMSOIL formulations provide second-to-none viscosity protection for hot-running American and foreign motorcycle engines, transmissions and primary chaincases.

AMSOIL 20W-50 Synthetic Motorcycle Oil (MCV) is recommended for Harley- Davidson, Buell, KTM, Ducati, BMW, Aprilia and Triumph motorcycles calling for a 15W-50 or 20W-50 viscosity.

AMSOIL 10W-40 Synthetic Motorcycle Oil (MCF) is recommended for Honda, Kawasaki, Yamaha, Suzuki, BMW, Husqvarna and KTM motorcycles calling for a 10W-40 or 20W-40 viscosity.

Ea Motorcycle Oil Filters (EaOM)

AMSOIL Ea Motorcycle Oil Filters feature full synthetic nanofiber technology, providing superior protection for motorcycles, ATVs, four-stroke personal watercraft, snowmobiles and outboard motors. Ea Motorcycle Oil Filters last longer, stop smaller dirt particles and offer less restriction, extending equipment and filter life and improving performance. Ea Motorcycle Oil Filters are fluted for easy removal. Available in black or chrome.

Ea Motorcycle Air Filters (EaAM)

AMSOIL Ea Motorcycle Air Filters replace OEM filters from Harley-Davidson and Honda and fit S&S and Baron filter housings, incorporating nanofiber technology that offers superior efficiency, air flow and capacity for extended equipment and filter life and enhanced performance. Ea Motorcycle Air Filters are cleanable and remain serviceable for up to four years, saving money on filter costs.

Toyota Settles Sludge Lawsuit

Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A. Inc. has settled a class-action lawsuit filed for owners of nearly 3.5 million Toyota and Lexus vehicles that may have experienced damage related to oil sludge. The problems have been evident in 1997 to 2002 vehicles with 1MZ-FE 3.0L V6 engines and 5S-FE 2.2L inline four-cylinder engines. Over 3,000 owners reported the problem by the fall of 2002, prompting Toyota to extend warranties to eight years and unlimited miles. Under the new agreement, owners have eight years plus 120 days from the original purchase date to file a complaint, and they may be able to recover repair and incidental costs and losses in vehicle value. Although critics claim affected engines have flaws that encourage sludge formation on "hot spots," such as near the top of the cylinder heads and near valves, Toyota has not admitted to a design defect. Eligible vehicles with signs of sludge can be taken to a Toyota or Lexus dealer, along with proof that "reasonable efforts" were made to maintain the vehicle.

Advanced Protection for Motorized Scooters

New AMSOIL Formula 4-Stroke® Synthetic Scooter Oil offers superior protection for scooter applications.

At one time, the word “scooter” conjured up visions of underpowered, noisy, smoky, illhandling bicycle-like machines. Although low in cost and offering excellent fuel economy, they were primarily seen only on college campuses and in trendy tourist locales. Most featured single cylinder, air-cooled 50 to 150cc engines capable of reaching speeds of up to 35-40 mph.

Today's scooters offer greatly improved handling and exceptional performance, while maintaining their affordability and excellent fuel efficiency. Their popularity has skyrocketed in recent years, and the scooter market is one of the fastest growing segments in the transportation industry. In fact, scooter sales increased 20 percent last year, with similar growth projected for 2007. Today’s scooters range in size from 50 to 600+ cc’s and utilize high-tech engine designs and advanced system controls. Some models are capable of obtaining road speeds in excess of 100 mph. Because these advancements place additional strain on the equipment, today’s high-tech scooters demand high quality lubricants specifically formulated to address the special needs found in scooter applications:

Shear stability - High engine rpms common to scooter applications increase shear, causing conventional lubricants to lose viscosity and reduce their ability to control wear, resulting in shorter engine life.

Thermal stability - The operating temperatures of scooter engines fluctuate greatly, especially with air-cooled engines. Elevated temperatures cause the oil to quickly break down and shorten its service life. High temperatures also cause the oil to lose viscosity, minimizing its ability to control wear.

Transmission and gear box compatibility - In many scooter applications, the engine and transmission and/or gear box share the same oil reservoir, exposing the oil to mechanical shearing forces and permanent viscosity loss as it passes through the contact areas within the gear sets.

Wet-clutch compatibility - Some scooters utilize a frictional clutch to engage and disengage the engine from the drivetrain. In many cases, this clutch is immersed in the same oil used in the engine and transmission. Frictional compatibility must exist between the oil and the clutch to prevent excessive slippage and extend clutch life.

New AMSOIL 10W-40 Formula 4-Stroke Synthetic Scooter Oil (ASO) is formulated specifically to meet the special needs of today’s high-tech air- and water-cooled four-stroke motorized scooters, offering unsurpassed wear protection and friction reduction for longer equipment life and cooler operating temperatures. Its exceptional shear stability ensures consistent viscosity protection and provides additional protection for transmissions and gear boxes, while its friction modifier-free formulation ensures wet clutch compatibility and smooth clutch operation. A special anti-corrosion additive package provides long-term protection during periods of inactivity and storage.

AMSOIL 10W-40 Formula 4-Stroke Synthetic Scooter Oil is recommended for air- and water-cooled four-stroke motorized scooter engines calling for a 10W-40 viscosity, as well as transmissions and gear boxes calling for a 10W-40 motor oil, including Honda, Kawasaki, Suzuki, Yamaha, Vespa, Aprilia, Piaggio, Benelli, Vento, Kymco, Tank and TGB. It is recommended for the longest drain interval recommended by the equipment manufacturer.

• Superior wear protection • Cool engine operation
• Controls lubricant foaming
• Exceptional shear stability
• Reduced oil consumption and deposit formation
• Excellent protection in temperature extremes
• Improved fuel economy
• Wet clutch compatible
• Long-term protection against rust and corrosion

For more information go to the AMSOIL 10W-40 Formula 4-Stroke Synthetic Scooter Oil (ASO)
page.

Thank You!

Do Synthetics Give Better Fuel Mileage? Why?

Synthetic Lubrication and Fuel Mileage? Why?

If I've heard it once, I've heard it a thousand times, synthetic lubricants get better fuel mileage because they are more slippery and with less friction you get better mileage. Really? If that were true, then using petroleum base lubricants would cause extreme wear! Is this the case? Really?

Back in the late 70s or early 80s, legendary auto mechanic and mechanic tech article author the late Smokey Yunick used a synthetic motor oil from a company that has since gone out of business. This company was created by someone wanting to duplicate the success of AMSOIL, but ultimately found the chemistry more complex than they imagined. They had neglected to add a friction modifier additive that is important for wear prevention. Smokey reported better horsepower and performance and was very enthusiastic about this new oil technology. That is until his camshaft failed due to excessive wear. Later Smokey discovered AMSOIL and became one of their best promoters witting numerous articles about the benefits of synthetics. But before that, he was disappointed at how the first experience he had with a synthetic motor oil showed improved power and performance, but proved destructive to his engine.

But wait . . .how was this possible? How could Smokey get better performance yet see destructive wear? Isn't the better mileage and performance of a synthetic due being more slippery? If it is more slippery, then how did the engine wear out? Apparently it's something other than friction that creates the better performance you see with synthetics now isn't it?

I've heard it over and over again that the reason you get better mileage with synthetics is due to less friction. I've even heard some AMSOIL Dealers make this statement. While a properly blended lubricant can have less friction and less wear, this isn't as dramatic an influence on power and performance as you might think. The truth is that there are several reasons why synthetics provide better power and performance. Most people don't care why, just like the "cheap horsepower" and "cheap insurance" as recently stated on one of those auto performance tech shows you see weekends on Spike TV. There are a lot of reasons synthetics improve mileage and performance and reducing friction is just a small part of it.

To understand the reasons synthetics provide better performance you have to study the differences. Both petroleum and synthetic lubricants can use the same additive technology, even though synthetics tend to use more expensive additive technology because they are already in a higher price bracket, so selecting more performance oriented additives tends to be a no brainer. But the main reasons for synthetic lubricants improved performance lies in the differences in their base oil which is synthetic instead of petroleum. The base oil in a modern lubricant carries the additives which do all of the work making the lubricant the marvel of technology we all take for granted, especially in motor oils which do a lot more than just lubricate. The base oils in petroleum contain paraffin and sulfur which negatively affect several different aspects of motor oils. Here's why:

Paraffin gels up really bad when the lubricant gets cold. This is why petroleum motor oils must have additives known as Viscosity Index Improvers (VI) which keep the paraffin molecules from gelling up as the temperature drops so an engine dry runs less on cold start up. The longer an engine dry runs, more severe engine wear will occur. Also, even after lubricant flow is established, the petroleum motor oil tends to be thicker requiring more horsepower to pump it until it is warmed up. Synthetics flow instantly due to the fact that they don't have paraffin and for the same reason don't usually have any VI additives. There is a limit though. If you see a synthetic that is 5W-30, 10W-40 or even 20W-50 you can assume it is a straight weight in that it can be blended with no VI additives and still not thicken when cooled so it passes the cold "W" or winter ratings at the colder temperatures. This means instant lubrication on cold start up. However, if you see a synthetic with a 5W-50 viscosity rating, it will have some VI additives since not even a synthetic can be stretched this far across the temperature scale. Some people consider VI additives a potential problem since they tend to shear back under stress and heat, so the less use of these additives the better. Of course you don't want to dry run on start up either, so we must accept the use of VI additives in petroleum. We can avoid them entirely using synthetics by avoiding the 5W-50 viscosity ranges.

The next reason for better mileage and performance of synthetics tends to be the pollutant known as sulfur which is in petroleum motor oil. There are additives added to all motor oils, including synthetics, that prevent the oil from becoming corrosive and to prevent soot and combustion by products from developing into larger and more abrasive particles. These additives are known as Total Base Number additives or TBN. As the TBN additives do their work they become depleted. In a used oil sample sent to a oil analysis lab to be spectrochemically analyzed, the TBN will have a number which represents how much of the additive is present. When the TBN number gets depleted down to a number of 2 or below the oil must be changed even if the oil is otherwise clean. This is because the TBN additives are the additives that maintain oil cleanliness and purity and once depleted the oil can no longer be trusted to do its job. Normally for gasoline engines the oil's TBN starts out somewhere between 6 and 10 depending on which oil and who manufactured it. For Diesels the oil's TBN starts out at 10 to 15 TBN depending on who manufactured it. AMSOIL targets 12 as the TBN for its gasoline synthetic motor oils and 15 for its synthetic diesel motor oils. That being said, as oils age the TBN number drops as the pollutants use up the TBN additives. A petroleum motor oil with 3,000 miles on it, depending driving conditions, after chemical analysis can show a TBN of less than 3 to even 0 while a synthetic can have 15,000 miles driven under the same conditions showing a TBN of higher than 6. The reason is the petroleum base stock deteriorate faster and the sulfur accelerates this process stressing the TBN additives more. Synthetics are more thermally stable and this shows up in how slowly the TBN additives are used up. In the final analysis, the petroleum will change chemically the longer it is driven requiring more horsepower to pump and move it about in the engine while the synthetic maintains like new properties. This averages out to be improved mileage and performance.

Last but not least, there is more power required to move petroleum oil through an engine or transmission. It's not just the oil pumping system, but the way the lubricant impedes the action of moving parts. When a piston moves up and down in the cylinder it scrapes and spreads the motor oil. The bearings turn and the oil being pumped through the bearings is hydrodynamically impelled around the moving parts by the high speed turning. In a transmission the gears and bearings impel and "squish" the oil from tight places. Synthetics require less power to impel than petroleum for two reasons. The paraffin in petroleum in a hindrance for one. The second reason is the fact that the molecular structure of petroleum in an average of so many dissimilar materials averaging out to be what's in the petroleum oil base stock. This tends to be less easy to move under loads. Synthetics are made chemically to be uniform and therefore less reactive chemically so as to last longer, but the side benefit is they require somewhat less power to impel about engines and transmissions and the absence of sulfur means the performance stays peak without the steady decline seen in petroleum based oils. This is the reason Smokey Yunick's engine had so much wear with an improperly blended synthetic motor oil, yet showed improve power and performance. It's all in the base stocks that the oil starts with.

I've had people who know little about synthetics, but use wear metals in used oil samples as a reason for not expecting better performance out of a synthetic. Most people seem to have used oil samples from Royal Purple brand synthetic motor oil, for some reason, and compare them to some samples they have taken of petroleum oil showing wear metals to be about the same. I have to educate them that wear isn't a test of motor oil performance. If they put that same synthetic motor oil to an engine test using an engine or chassis dynamometer they'll see better power output. It's about more than wear, it's they way the lube moves about the engine and how much resistance the lube gives the the moving parts.

Of course I get out my used lube samples of AMSOIL and show then how slight wear metals can be. I have more information online about the difference in wear metals in used oil samples with tests done on Highway Patrol cars here in Texas. In the Texas Department of Public Safety test comparisons between AMSOIL and petroleum motor oils in Highway Patrol cars, the AMSOIL used oil sample that had nearly 25,000 miles without being changed had slightly less wear metals than the petroleum sample with just a little less than 1,800 miles! Highway Patrol cars are an extreme test of a motor oil since these cars are driven hard and do a lot of engine idling which doesn't move the odometer. Sometimes these cars will see shift changes without shutting off the engine. Ironically, the Texas DPS wasn't interested in performance improvements such as better fuel mileage. Instead they were trying to save money on maintenance and the extended oil drains saved them several hundred dollars per vehicle per year. For more information see this article:
Texas Highway Patrol Cars Using AMSOIL (Opens in a new window)

Lastly, what I've been talking about are true Polyalphaolefin (PAO) synthetics known as Type IV lubricants. These are hard to find if you buy from major oil companies. Mobil 1 is the last major oil company to still use them as of this witting. All others, with the exception of smaller companies like AMSOIL and Redline, the major oil companies have switched to a Type III petroleum based motor oil and call them "synthetic" through a legal loop hole. Type III lubricants are 100% petroleum with the sulfur refined out. These oils last longer without the sulfur, but still have a lot of the same performance problems associated with regular petroleum based oils. The must employ VI additives for one. Another drawback is the irregular mix of petroleum that averages out to be your motor oil and don't perform to the higher level of true PAO based synthetics. So how do I know if I have purchased a true PAO synthetic? If it's from a major oil company and not Mobil 1 then it's not a PAO. AMSOIL makes about 30 different motor oils. Of them there are 4 with the XL-7500 name on the label and are short drain Type III based petroleum. Even though AMSOIL uses the "legal loophole" and calls them "synthetic" they are not true synthetic and the reason for the short advertised oil drain. You see these XL-7500 AMSOIL motor oils in auto parts stores and quick oil change centers. They cost a little less therefore making them a good choice in that market. I would advise on shelling out the extra dollar per quart for the PAO based AMSOIL. You'll be happier with the results and it would be cheaper in the long run considering the price of fuel today and the improvement in fuel mileage.

See the following articles for more technical information on Lubricants including Motor Oil. All open in a new window.

Motor Oil Testing Methods

Why does Motor Oil Deteriorate?

Change Engine Oil Light (How do these systems work and how good are they?)

Motor Oil Quality Progresses With Engine Technology (Good information on motor oil service ratings)

A Closer Look at Drivetrains (Gear Lube service ratings explained)

Don't Forget The Gear Oil! (Explains Gear Lube technology and outlines proper maintenance)

Change Gear Lube After Break-in Period for Long Differential Life

GM: 30,000-mile Drain Intervals Are Achievable

This article from Lubes-N-Greases explains the trend for future auto maintenace and how if will affect the consumer. Very good reading because it validates the use of higher class synthetic lubricants and enhanced filtration to save time and money on auto maintenance.

Read More:
http://www.upmpg.com/lubricationnews/gm_lubes_n_greases/

Change Gear Lube After Break-in Period for Long Differential Life

Unbeknownst to many motorists, most differential wear occurs during the break-in period. Auto and truck owners can do themselves a big favor by changing their gear lube following the break-in period in order to reduce wear and extend differential life.

Motorists know when they're supposed to change their motor oil. They have oil life monitors, oil change centers and commercials all telling them when it's time for an oil change. Differential oil changes, on the other hand, often get overlooked. Many people don't even think of the differential when performing routine maintenance on their vehicles and don't realize four-wheel drive trucks have two differentials and a transfer case that all require service. In fact, according to one quick lube company, only one to two percent of their customers purchase a differential gear lube change.

Most differential wear occurs during the break-in period. Because differentials are not equipped with filters, break-in metals are suspended in the oil, causing increased wear as the particles mesh between the gears. Hauling heavy loads and towing heavy trailers cause additional stress to the differential during the break-in period and can cause premature differential damage or failure. Changing the gear lube after the break-in period (about 3,000 miles) is a low-cost maintenance investment that provides a significant payoff, including greatly reduced wear, extended differential gear and bearing life and protection for expensive vehicle investments. Auto manufacturers recognize the importance of draining abrasive break-in materials.

Read the rest of the article and see remarkable wear comparisons on different differentials using different lubes and drain intervals:
http://www.upmpg.com/lubricationnews/differential_maintenance/

Why Does Motor Oil Deteriorate?

Motor Oil Degradation - Why does it happen?
Motoroil chemistry is more complex than you think.

It is common knowledge that, at some point, engine oil must be changed. It's something that is preached relentlessly to vehicle owners by vehicle manufacturers, quick lubes and oil companies. But consumers are widely unaware of what exactly makes oil changes necessary.

Many factors contribute to a motor oil's demise, but it is essentially the accumulation of contaminants in the oil and chemical changes in the oil itself that make the oil and chemical changes in the oil itself that make a motor oil unfit for further service. With time, it is inevitable that the oil will be contaminated by dirt or sludge, or succumb to the extreme pressures or temperatures found inside an engine. AMSOIL Motor Oils are formulated with the industry's most advanced synthetic base stocks and additive packages to combat the forces that deteriorate conventional oils.

Read the entire article and see how well the different brands of motor oils faired in the NOACK Volatility Test:
http://www.upmpg.com/lubricationnews/why_motoroil_deteriorates/index.html